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diphenhydramine-hcl

Diphenhydramine Hcl

Diphenhydramine (/ˌdaɪfɛnˈhaɪdrəmiːn/; abbreviated DPH, sometimes DHM) is a first-generation antihistamine possessing anticholinergic, antitussive, antiemetic, and sedative properties that is mainly used to treat allergies. It is also used in the management of drug-induced parkinsonism and other extrapyramidal symptoms. The drug has a strong hypnotic effect and is FDA-approved as a nonprescription sleep aid, especially in the form of diphenhydramine citrate. It is produced and marketed under the trade name Benadryl by McNeil Consumer Healthcare in the U.S., Canada, and South Africa (trade names in other countries include Dimedrol, Daedalon, and Nytol). It is also available as a generic or store brand medication.
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Product Description


2-(diphenylmethoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine

Trade names Benadryl, Unisom, Sominex, ZzzQuil
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a682539
Pregnancy
category
AU: A
US: B (No risk in non-human studies)
Legal status AU: S2 (Pharmacy only)
US: Over-the-counter
Dependence
liability
Very low
Routes of
administration
Oral, IM, IV, topical and suppository

Bioavailability 40–60%[1]
Protein binding 98–99%
Metabolism Various cytochrome P450 liver enzymes: CYP2D6 (80%), 3A4 (10%)[2]
Biological half-life 7 hours (children)[3]
12 hours (adults)[3]
17 hours (elderly)[3]
Excretion 94% through the urine, 6% through feces[4]

CAS Number 58-73-1
ATC code D04AA32 D04AA33, R06AA02
PubChem CID: 3100
IUPHAR/BPS 1224
DrugBank DB01075
ChemSpider 2989
UNII 8GTS82S83M
KEGG D00669
ChEBI CHEBI:4636
ChEMBL CHEMBL657

Formula C17H21NO
Molecular mass 255.355 g/mol
SMILES[show]
InChI[show]