Histidine (abbreviated as His or H; encoded by the codons CAU and CAC) is an ɑ-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated –+NH3 form under biological conditions), a carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated –COO- form under biological conditions), and a side chain imidazole, classifying it as a positively charged (at physiological pH), aromatic amino acid. Initially thought essential only for infants, longer-term studies shown it is essential for adults also.[2]
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IUPAC name
Histidine
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Other names
2-Amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid
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CAS Number
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71-00-1 |
ChEBI | CHEBI:57595 |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL17962 |
ChemSpider | 6038 |
DrugBank | DB00117 |
IUPHAR/BPS
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3310 |
Jmol interactive 3D | Image Image |
KEGG | D00032 |
PubChem | 773 |
UNII | 4QD397987E |
InChI[show]
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SMILES[show]
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Chemical formula
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C6H9N3O2 |
Molar mass | 155.16 g·mol−1 |
Solubility in water
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4.19g/100g @ 25 °C [1] |
Safety data sheet | See: data page |
NFPA 704 |
Structure and
properties |
Refractive index (n), Dielectric constant (εr), etc. |
Thermodynamic
data |
Phase behaviour solid–liquid–gas |
Spectral data
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UV, IR, NMR, MS |