Pantothenic acid, also called pantothenate or vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin. For many animals, pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient. Animals require pantothenic acid to synthesize coenzyme-A (CoA), as well as to synthesize and metabolize proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
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Preferred IUPAC name
3-[(2R)-2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido]propanoic acid |
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Systematic IUPAC name 3-[(2R)-(2,4-Dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl)amino]propanoic acid |
CAS Number | 599-54-2 79-83-4 (R) |
3DMet | B00193 |
Beilstein Reference | 1727062, 1727064 (R) |
ChEBI | CHEBI:7916 |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL1594 |
ChemSpider | 963 6361 (R) 4677898 (S) |
DrugBank | DB01783 |
EC Number | 209-965-4 |
Jmol interactive 3D | Image (R): Image (S): Image |
KEGG | D07413 |
MeSH | Pantothenic+Acid |
PubChem | 988 6613 (R) 5748353 (S) |
RTECS number | RU4729000 |
UNII | 19F5HK2737 |
InChI[show] |
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SMILES[show] |
Chemical formula | C9H17NO5 |
Molar mass | 219.24 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Yellow oil Colorless crystals (Ca2+ salt) |
Odor | Odorless |
Density | 1.266 g/cm3 1.32 g/cm3 (Ca2+ salt)[1] |
Melting point | 183.83 °C (362.89 °F; 456.98 K) 196–200 °C (385–392 °F; 469–473 K) decomposes (Ca2+ salt)[1][3][5] 138 °C (280 °F; 411 K) decomposes (Ca2+ salt, monohydrate)[6] |
Solubility in water | Very soluble[2] 2.11 g/mL (Ca2+ salt)[1] |
Solubility | Very soluble in C6H6, ether[2] Ca2+ salt: Slightly soluble in alcohol, CHCl3[3] |
log P | −1.416[4] |
Acidity (pKa) | 4.41[5] |
Basicity (pKb) | 9.698 |
Chiral rotation ([α]D) | +37.5° +24.3° (Ca2+ salt)[5] |
NFPA 704 | |
Flash point | 287.3 °C (549.1 °F; 560.5 K)[6] |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (Median dose) | > 10 mg/g (Ca2+ salt)[3] |
Related alkanoic acids | Arginine Hopantenic acid 4-(γ-Glutamylamino)butanoic acid |
Related compounds | Panthenol |