Hydroxocobalamin (also hydroxycobalamin, OHCbl, or B12a) is a natural form, or vitamer, of vitamin B12. It is a member of the cobalamin family of compounds. Hydroxocobalamin is produced by many bacteria that are used to produce the vitamin commercially. Like other forms of vitamin B12, hydroxocobalamin has an intense red color. In humans, it is rapidly converted to usable coenzyme forms of vitamin B12. Hydroxocobalamin is used as an injectable solution for treatment of the vitamin deficiency and for treatment for cyanide poisoning. It has been tested as a scavenger of nitric oxide.
“Vitamin B12” refers to a group of compounds called cobalamins that are available in the human body in a variety of mostly interconvertible forms. Together with folate, cobalamins are essential cofactors required for DNA synthesis in cells where chromosomal replication and division are occurring—most notably the bone marrow and myeloid cells. As a cofactor, cobalamins are essential for two cellular reactions:
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Coα-[α-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolyl)]- Coβ-hydroxocobamide |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Consumer Drug Information |
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MedlinePlus | a605007 |
Pregnancy category |
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Legal status |
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Routes of administration |
Injectable (intramuscular, intravenous, or subcutaneous) |
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Protein binding | Very high (90%) |
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Metabolism | Primarily hepatic, cobalamins are absorbed in the ileum and stored in the liver. |
Biological half-life | ~6 days |
CAS Number | 13422-51-0 |
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ATC code | B03BA03 V03AB33 |
PubChem | CID: 6433575 |
DrugBank | DB00200 |
ChemSpider | 21160115 |
UNII | Q40X8H422O |
KEGG | D01027 |
ChEMBL | [2] CHEMBL1237097[2] |
Formula | C62H89CoN13O15P |
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Molecular mass | 1346.37 g/mol |
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InChI[show] |