Valine (abbreviated as Val or V)[1] encoded by the codons GUU, GUC, GUA, and GUG is an ɑ-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated -+NH3 form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated –COO- form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl variable group, classifying it as a non-polar amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it and thus it must be obtained from the diet. Human dietary sources are any proteinaceous foods such as meats, dairy products, soy products, beans and legumes.
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IUPAC name
Valine
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Other names
2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid
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CAS Number | 516-06-3 72-18-4 (L-isomer) 640-68-6 (D-isomer) |
ChEBI | CHEBI:57762 |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL43068 |
ChemSpider | 6050 |
DrugBank | DB00161 |
EC Number | 208-220-0 |
IUPHAR/BPS | 4794 |
Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
KEGG | D00039 |
PubChem | 1182 |
UNII | 4CA13A832H |
InChI[show] |
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SMILES[show] |
Chemical formula
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C5H11NO2 |
Molar mass | 117.15 g·mol−1 |
Density | 1.316 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 298 °C (568 °F; 571 K) (decomposition) |
Solubility in water | soluble |
Acidity (pKa) | 2.32 (carboxyl), 9.62 (amino)[1] |
Structure and properties |
Refractive index (n), Dielectric constant (εr), etc. |
Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour solid–liquid–gas |
Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |